"May
Goddess Saraswati,
who is fair like the jasmine-colored moon,
and whose pure white garland is like frosty dew drops;
who is adorned in radiant white attire,
on whose beautiful arm rests the veena,
and whose throne is a white lotus;
who is surrounded and respected by the Gods, protect me.
May you fully remove my lethargy, sluggishness, and ignorance."
As
'Diwali' – the festival of light – is to Lakshmi, goddess of wealth,
and 'Navaratri' is to Durga, goddess of strength, might and power, Vasant Panchami
is to Saraswati, the goddess of knowledge and learning. She represents the free
flow of wisdom and consciousness. She is the mother of the Vedas,
and chants to her, called the 'Saraswati
Vandana' often begin and end Vedic lessons.
The festival is
celebrated every year on the 5th day of the bright fortnight of the lunar month
of Magha (see calendar) — the day
called 'Vasant Panchami'. Hindus
celebrate this festival with great enthusiasm, and temples and households are
full of activities on this day. This 'Panchami' is also known as Saraswati Day,
because it is believed that on this day the goddess was born.
Saraswati, the goddess of wisdom, art and music is the daughter of Lord Shivaand Goddess Durga. It is believed
that goddess Saraswati endows human beings with the powers of speech, wisdom
and learning. She has four hands representing four aspects of human personality
in learning: mind, intellect, alertness and ego. She has sacred scriptures in
one hand and a lotus — the symbol of true knowledge — in the second.
With her other two hands she plays the music of love and life on a string instrument
called the veena. She is dressed in white — the symbol of purity
— and rides on a white swan that symbolises Sattwa Guna or purity
and discrimination. Saraswati is also a prominent figure in Buddhist iconography
— the consort of Manjushri.
The colour yellow is given special importance on Vasant Panchami. On this day,
Saraswati is dressed in yellow garments and worshipped. People prefer to wear
yellow clothes on this holy day. Sweetmeats of yellowish hues are distributed
among relations and friends. Some people feed Brahmins, some perform Pitri-Tarpan
(ancestor worship) and many worship Kamadeva, the god of love on this day.
However, the most significant aspect of this day is that children are taught
their first words on this day, for it is considered an auspicious day to begin
how to read and write. Educational institutions organise special prayer for
Saraswati. The great Indian guru Pandit Madan Mohan Malviya laid the foundations
of the world class academic institution of Kashi Hindu Vishwa Vidyalaya on Vasant
Panchami.
Saintly people and individuals inclined towards spiritual progress attach great
importance to the worship of goddess Saraswati. As a practice, only educated
people and men of principle worship goddess Saraswati for spiritual enlightenment.
In their opinion, there can be no comparison between the king and the learned
or the spiritually advanced. The king is honored within his kingdom, whereas
the learned is respected or worshipped throughout the world.
Hinduism has taken into account special significance of seasons and interwoven
them with religious festivals. During Vasant Panchami,
seasons undergo change and the coming of springtime is heralded. Trees display
new shoots and new life is evident in the woods and fields. Nature decorates
the mango trees with new blossoms, wheat and crops enliven with evidence of
new life.
Vasant Panchami is a festival full of religious, seasonal and social significance
and is celebrated by Hindus all over the world with verve and new sense of optimism.
The first faint signals of the forthcoming festival of Holi
— the festival of colours — also manifest at Vasant Panchami.
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